https://extrapolationfactory.com Extrapolation Factory Thu, 22 Oct 2026 21:10:25 +0000 https://extrapolationfactory.com en https://extrapolationfactory.com/Press Thu, 22 Oct 2026 21:10:25 +0000 Extrapolation Factory https://extrapolationfactory.com/Press Press: Publications, articles and talks that featured or mentioned the practice. 2026 · DAMN°: A Magazine on Contemporary Culture'Reconfiguring the Institutions', Issue 93, A/W 2026/27, pp. 86–91, by Pete Fung 2023 · Time's Up (ed.)'Futures Brought to Life: We are no Futurists', with contributions by Chris Woebken and Elliott P. Montgomery — Watch symposium segment (2022) 2021 · Book reviewExtrapolation Factory Operator’s Manual — Department of Information. Department of Information, 2021. Review of the bilingual Operator’s Manual.2020 · Faber Futures / Ginkgo BioworksFerment TV: Toolkit for Futuring. Conversation with Extrapolation Factory and Lisa White, moderated by Natsai Audrey Chieza. 2020 · Reading recommendationExtrapolation Factory – Operators Manual — School of Critical Design. J. Paul Neeley, School of Critical Design, 2020. Reading recommendation.2019 · Estonian Academy of ArtsWhat if Think Tanks Were Operated by the Public?. Interview by Anna-Liisa Laarits. 2019 · Academic discussionTurning Foresight Inside Out: An Introduction to Ethnographic Experiential Futures — Candy &amp; Kornet. Stuart Candy and Kelly Kornet, Journal of Futures Studies 23(3), March 2019, pp. 3–22. Includes 1-888-FUTURES as a case study.2019 · Research reportOur futures: by the people, for the people — Nesta. Nesta, 2019. Participatory-futures research report including 1-888-FUTURES.2019 · Project coveragePossibility Hours, Metro Test Zones. Podcast interview with Scott Paterson, with Elliott P. Montgomery, 30 December.2019 · Project coverageTravis Warren Cooper, “How to Edit a Building: Fieldnotes from the North American Brasilia.” Urbanities 9(2), pp. 52–65. Academic article discussing What If Columbus, p. 60.2019 · Project coverageThe Republic, coverage of What If Columbus, 9 August. Original report referenced by Kiosk Marketplace.2019 · Project coverageThe Architect’s Newspaper, “Graham Foundation announces 2019 architectural research grants winners.” Features Metro Test Zones.2019 · Project gallery listing2019 Exhibition: Good Design and the Community — ARCHITECT. ARCHITECT, 2019. Exhibit Columbus gallery listing naming Extrapolation Factory among the Washington Street Civic Project Leaders.2018 · Bartlebooth'Transition Habitats' in Más allá de lo humano, by Elliott P. Montgomery and Chris Woebken 2018 · Axis Magazine, Vol. 194‘Extrapolation Factory - Design Futures Studio’ by Kyoko Nakajima 2018 · Designboom'LEXUS design award 2018: extrapolation factory's testing hypotheticals is grand prix winner' 2018 · Architectural Digest'The Extrapolation Factory Selected by Paola Antonelli and Sir David Adjaye as Lexus Design Award Winner' by Katherine Mcgrath 2018 · Editorial feature / image inclusionAn Archive of Schools at the fourth Istanbul Design Biennial — Domus. Domus, 28 August 2018. Mobile Service Stations appears in the digital Archive of Schools feature accompanying the fourth Istanbul Design Biennial.2018 · Academic discussionPedagogical Possibilities: Arts-Based Practices of Collaborative Time for Teaching the Future. Sarah Gerth V. D. Berg, “Pedagogical Possibilities: Arts-Based Practices of Collaborative Time for Teaching the Future.” Transformations 28(1), 2018, pp. 6–18. Discusses the worksheets and Operator’s Manual.2017 · Star Tribune'Artists create 'Interspecies Postal Service' to monitor climate change' by Alice Eler 2017 · Vice'Inter-Species Mailboxes Make a Different Kind of Human-Animal Connection' by Catherine Chapman 2016 · Avant'Alternative Unknowns' by Chris Woebken &amp; Elliott Montgomery 2016 · Walker Art Center'The Future Should Come in Multiples: A Conversation with Extrapolation Factory' by Jacqueline Stahlmann 2016 · Core 77‘Extrapolation Factory Wants Us to Pay More Attention to Our Future' 2016 · Randian'Book Review: The Manual Suspension of Disbelief' by Iona Whittaker 2016 · TED Fellows on Medium‘How to Invent the Future in 6 Easy Steps' by Karen Francis Eng 2016 · Trytobegood‘Extrapolation Factory x TRYTOBEGOOD | July 25, 2016' by Fei Liu 2016 · Wired'Synthetic Biology Is … Complex. But This Exhibit Makes It a Blast' by Liz Stinson 2015 · The Atlantic'Role-Playing the Next Big Disaster' by Jessica Leigh Hester 2015 · Core77'Request a gift from the future and it's shipped!' by Allan Chochinov 2015 · TED Fellows on Medium'Want to send someone a gift from the future?' by Karen Eng 2015 · Dezeen'The Extrapolation Factory Holds Workshops That Explore Possible Futures' by Alyn Griffiths 2015 · PSFK'Gene Cleaners and Robo-Frogs will fill Pawn Shop of the future' by Janet Burns 2015 · Wired'14 Goofy Gadgets You Might Find in Pawn Shops in 2050' by Liz Stinson 2015 · ArticleDiseño de futuros: 5 proyectos — Revista Código. Revista Código, 2015. Spanish-language feature including 99¢ Futures.2014 · KASK University (lecture)'The Extrapolation Factory' 2014 · Gizmodo'Designing Future Objects for the Home with Extrapolation Factory' by Geoff Manaugh 2014 · Vice Motherboard'Students Developed the Street Cart of the Future, and Their Ideas Are Awesome' by Nadja Sayej 2014 · Huffington Post'Stanley Kubrick Put the Science in Science Fiction' by Gerry Flahive 2014 · EssayThe Novel and the Future of the Near Future — Hazlitt. Ryan Bigge, Hazlitt, 3 June 2014. Essay discussing the Futurematic vending machine and design jam.2014 · Event notice / commentaryDesign Fiction: Future Factories and Futurematic Situation Lab in Toronto — WIRED. Bruce Sterling, WIRED, 23 February 2014. Notice introducing the Toronto collaboration with Situation Lab.2013 · CNN'Animal DNA and Mars kits: Christmas gifts of the future?' by Sheena McKenzie 2013 · Gizmodo'New Yorkers Receive Junk Mail From The Future' by Adam Clark Estes 2013 · Core 77'How to Send Passersby Junk Mail from the Future, by the Extrapolation Factory' 2013 · Dazed Digital'Extrapolation Factory will sell you the future' by Sam Hart 2013 · Pecha Kucha'99¢ Futures' 2013 · Core 77'Speculative Professional Winner, 2013 Design Awards' 2013 · Wired'Extrapolation Factory at Studio-X NYC' by Bruce Sterling 2013 · Studio-X NYC'Studio-X NYC was transformed into a sweatshop' 2013 · The City Atlas'Ingenuity in the Extrapolation Factory' by Camille Baumann-Jaeger 2013 · Make:Extrapolation Factory Imagines the Future of the Dollar Store, by John Baichtal. #ef-dated-press{list-style:none;margin:32px 0 0;padding:0;max-width:1000px}#ef-dated-press .ef-press-entry{list-style:none;margin:0;padding:18px 0;border-top:1px solid #ddd;break-inside:avoid}#ef-dated-press .ef-press-meta{font-family:"Diatype Semi-Mono Variable",monospace!important;font-variation-settings:"MONO" .5!important;font-size:13px;line-height:1.5;color:#555;margin-bottom:5px}#ef-dated-press time{white-space:nowrap}#ef-dated-press .ef-press-title{font-family:"Diatype Variable",sans-serif;font-size:16px;line-height:1.55;text-wrap:pretty}#ef-dated-press iframe{display:block;max-width:100%;height:auto!important;aspect-ratio:640/355;margin:16px 0 0}@media(max-width:600px){#ef-dated-press{margin-top:24px}} https://extrapolationfactory.com/Futures-Gazing Tue, 31 Dec 2024 01:23:45 +0000 Extrapolation Factory https://extrapolationfactory.com/Futures-Gazing Futures Gazing, 2023 Futures Gazing brings Deep Science Ventures’ (DSV) scoping process into conversation with futures prototyping. Developed in 2023 for scientists in its Venture Science Doctorate program, the tools offer six processes for explorative and rigorous visioning, supporting participants in examining possible futures from different perspectives.Scoping begins with an ambitious real-world outcome and works backward to identify the critical challenges, possible approaches and opportunities for new ventures to make a difference. It gives scientists a way to connect their expertise to a wider societal purpose and to consider what would need to change for that outcome to become possible.Futures prototyping brings the implications of these outcomes into view and opens their underlying assumptions to discussion. The tools invite participants to question who might benefit or be affected, revise their proposed approaches, and explore a distinctive position for a new company and its investment rationale. The aim is to connect venture formation to the conditions needed to nurture the envisioned outcome. What can participants question or revise when they learn to work backward from a desired societal outcome? Research interestsParticipatory futures · Pedagogical tools · SimulationProject creditsProject lead: Chris WoebkenDesign: Grace MervinGame design: Saralee SittigaroonCommissioned by: Deep Science Ventures (Aaron Appleton and Eirini Malliaraki)Participants: Venture Science Doctorate candidates <img width="2230" height="1260" width_o="2230" height_o="1260" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/56781f45038b468981ef92fafb82652fd93963f2f006aa1d9702486876561933/scopescape2.png" data-mid="224119783" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/56781f45038b468981ef92fafb82652fd93963f2f006aa1d9702486876561933/scopescape2.png" /> <img width="1524" height="1524" width_o="1524" height_o="1524" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/5534865cdf150a8e445b5e41233ffe9dec0c7229cd07aea3fa243837182a2063/futuresgazing2x2.png" data-mid="224120097" border="0" 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Across workshops, objects, performances and civic prototypes, shared questions become proposals that can be discussed, tested and experienced.","termCode":"participatory futures","identifier":"research:interest=participatory-futures"},{"@type":"DefinedTerm","@id":"https://chriswoebken.com/#term-pedagogical-tools","name":"Pedagogical tools","url":"https://chriswoebken.com/pedagogical-tools","termCode":"pedagogical tools","identifier":"research:interest=pedagogical-tools"},{"@type":"DefinedTerm","@id":"https://chriswoebken.com/#term-simulation","name":"Simulation","url":"https://chriswoebken.com/simulation","termCode":"simulation","identifier":"research:interest=simulation"}]} https://extrapolationfactory.com/Climate-Futures Wed, 09 Jun 2021 18:44:46 +0000 Extrapolation Factory https://extrapolationfactory.com/Climate-Futures Climate Futures, 2021 Climate Futures invited around 30 young people in Bronzeville and Rockford to imagine how their neighborhoods might respond to climate change. Through workshops with Extrapolation Factory, participants developed social and technological proposals for everyday life, with selected ideas translated into full-scale fictional objects.The program introduced participants to climate science and perspectives from experts in climate justice and energy technology. Using methods adapted from professional futures practice, they identified signals of change, mapped their possible consequences, and drew the streetscapes those changes might produce. Energy, food, and transport became starting points for imagining different ways of inhabiting their neighborhoods.In Bronzeville, a community cow pasture with a methane collector prompted a discussion about collective care: would neighbors still want to eat an animal they had raised together? An air purifier attached to a bus shelter emerged from a vision of cleaner streets and more space for children outdoors. A corn clothing printer belonged to an imagined local economy of new materials, festivals, and everyday services.Extrapolation Factory interpreted selected participant concepts through physical objects, neighborhood photography, and an online exhibition. Placed in familiar settings, including a bus shelter and an empty phone booth, the objects brought these possible futures into the present. They also prompted further questions. At the exhibition opening, a question about replacing the air scrubber’s filters extended the conversation to the practical work of maintaining an imagined system.See more documentation from Bronzeville and Rockford on Flickr. Research interestsClimate research · Infrastructure imagination · Participatory futures · Youth-led designPractice modelParticipation was free for the young people in Bronzeville and Rockford. With support from ComEd, Extrapolation Factory facilitated the program and developed selected youth concepts into full-scale objects.Project creditsA project by: Chris Woebken and Elliott P. MontgomeryDesign assistant: Heer MehtaSite design and 3D texturing: Albert JohnsonPartner: Boys &amp; Girls Club of Rockford and Chicago (Bronzeville)Concept designers: Youth at the Boys &amp; Girls Club of Rockford and Chicago (Bronzeville)Photography: Daris Jasper (Bronzeville) and Martín Hernandez (Rockford)Support: ComEd <img src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1600/q/75/i/f1475310cd2568365c131c287b8454d603f657228b68834de4874e3f150330a4/Chicago-Air-Scrubbing-Network-photo.jpg" srcset="https://freight.cargo.site/w/400/q/75/i/f1475310cd2568365c131c287b8454d603f657228b68834de4874e3f150330a4/Chicago-Air-Scrubbing-Network-photo.jpg 400w, https://freight.cargo.site/w/800/q/75/i/f1475310cd2568365c131c287b8454d603f657228b68834de4874e3f150330a4/Chicago-Air-Scrubbing-Network-photo.jpg 800w, https://freight.cargo.site/w/1600/q/75/i/f1475310cd2568365c131c287b8454d603f657228b68834de4874e3f150330a4/Chicago-Air-Scrubbing-Network-photo.jpg 1600w, 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outcomes."}]} https://extrapolationfactory.com/After-Markets-Market Wed, 21 Oct 2026 21:09:01 +0000 Extrapolation Factory https://extrapolationfactory.com/After-Markets-Market After Markets Market, 2021 After Markets Market was a one-day online workshop and storefront for goods from a post-capitalist future. Participants mapped out alternatives to private ownership and market pricing—such as worker-run firms, public resource councils, and labor-time accounting—and built prototypes from those scenarios. The day ended with the launch of aftermarkets.market (now closed), where makers listed their items and discussed what their objects revealed about life beyond capitalism. Research interestsParticipatory futures · Prototyping · Speculative futuresProject creditsA project by: Chris Woebken and Elliott P. MontgomeryHost: University of Pennsylvania Stuart Weitzman School of Design, PhiladelphiaCurated by: Orkan TelhanParticipants: Claudio Angrigiani, Sean Barrett, Rachel Cole, Faith Mamaradlo, Selina Nie, Echo Wan and Jonathan Zur <img width="1568" height="784" width_o="1568" height_o="784" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/4fecde99d5e0fc9fabcb20697135882d69248548f1978f308906fffc6d9e357e/amm-website.jpg" data-mid="253577594" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/4fecde99d5e0fc9fabcb20697135882d69248548f1978f308906fffc6d9e357e/amm-website.jpg" />The entrance to the After Markets Market, the online shop at aftermarkets.market where each product was listed during the final review.Communal Delivery Drone Charging StationSelina NieThe trigger was the single ship stuck in the Suez Canal in March 2021 and the disruption it caused to the global economy. What if shipping broke down into individual delivery systems, with goods arriving by drone? The station is the infrastructure that would make this plausible: a solar-powered charging point on rooftops, where the solar panels already are, for passing delivery drones to park and recharge. Nie presented it as a miniature model. In the review, Montgomery pointed out that capitalism depends on scarcity, and that a solar economy could turn energy into a communal resource, free to anyone because there is no scarcity left to price. <img width="2000" height="2000" width_o="2000" height_o="2000" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/22baacc67d95661113b165fd796205a0e2333c2d20d88b62bc7815fbb9859331/amm-faith-mamaradlo-1.jpg" data-mid="253573571" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/22baacc67d95661113b165fd796205a0e2333c2d20d88b62bc7815fbb9859331/amm-faith-mamaradlo-1.jpg" /> Home Grown MedicinesClaudio AngrigianiA girl in Argentina needed a $2 million medicine to survive, and an influencer spent two weeks fundraising to pay for it. Angrigiani asked why people without the means are left to luck. His device lets a household make its own medicine on demand: engineered plants act as small production plants, signals from a computer drive the reactions, and the plant drips the needed drug into drinking water. Patents and profits stop being the incentive for drug development. Instead the WHO and similar bodies issue a cryptocurrency, the Health Token, to countries and labs according to their contribution to public health. In the review, the discussion turned to how medicine made at home could loosen the tie between health care and employment, and to neighbors trading medicines, or fermenting vaccines locally almost like kombucha. <img width="768" height="1024" width_o="768" height_o="1024" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/5678d949052bec5e31a982bc0941dc574f1aaea2789c238b7fb46e8b0173ef79/amm-claudio-angrigiani-1.jpg" data-mid="253573568" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/768/i/5678d949052bec5e31a982bc0941dc574f1aaea2789c238b7fb46e8b0173ef79/amm-claudio-angrigiani-1.jpg" /> Work/Life AlerterFaith MamaradloWith remote work, commuting and clocking out disappear, and with them the standard shift. Notifications never stop and it gets hard to know when to quit. The alerter tells its user when the workday is over with a flashing light and a sound, played through the cup-shaped speaker. A button gives a receipt, a log of the hours worked. <img width="2000" height="2000" width_o="2000" height_o="2000" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/22baacc67d95661113b165fd796205a0e2333c2d20d88b62bc7815fbb9859331/amm-faith-mamaradlo-1.jpg" data-mid="253573571" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/22baacc67d95661113b165fd796205a0e2333c2d20d88b62bc7815fbb9859331/amm-faith-mamaradlo-1.jpg" /> Automatic Task DispatcherEcho WanListed in the market at $19.99 a month per employee. Working remotely, Wan argues, people lose their work-life balance because they are assigned the wrong amount of work. The dispatcher tracks how each worker has completed daily tasks in the past, projects how much they can finish without stress, and hands out that amount each day. Workers plug it into their desktop: the green button lowers the load, the joystick adds tasks, and both teach the device to do better. It allows for different preferences, from people who like a flexible remote schedule to those who do not want to be disturbed outside nine to five. In the review, Montgomery suggested that neuroscience may be a key part of any shift away from capitalism. <img width="2000" height="1577" width_o="2000" height_o="1577" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/caf21327045d80e44d0d6c5a7c318779a117038149c1173bd70151962b70907f/amm-echo-wan-1.jpg" data-mid="253573573" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/caf21327045d80e44d0d6c5a7c318779a117038149c1173bd70151962b70907f/amm-echo-wan-1.jpg" /> Serval StateRachel ColeTaking NASA’s $2.9 billion lunar lander contract with SpaceX as its signal, this future pulls government work back from private contractors and makes public service a duty. At 16, each resident receives a state-issued AI dashboard that reads their decisions and movements and recommends the department they should serve in. Chimp EnclosureJonathan ZurIn a world where implants like Neuralink can train animals to do work that normally takes a person, companies hire chimpanzees for basic jobs because they can be paid in peanuts. This enclosure houses a chimp employee for far less than an employee’s rent or relocation: a small room with a bed, a sapling and green fake fur, the bare minimum for survival, and a console where the chimp receives exercises and assessments to sharpen its working skills. Zur aimed the piece at managers who take pride in keeping spending to a minimum, rather than in paying people enough to live well. In the review, the group asked whether peanuts as wages are a step back toward barter, and whether work done by a chimp still counts as exploitation. <img width="2000" height="1500" width_o="2000" height_o="1500" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/733c38b881ee735ad4426cdd178dbc3792f80d703b09ad0d4c77034b2d04b3cf/amm-jonathan-zur-1.jpg" data-mid="253573575" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/733c38b881ee735ad4426cdd178dbc3792f80d703b09ad0d4c77034b2d04b3cf/amm-jonathan-zur-1.jpg" /> Treat DispenserSean BarrettWith autonomous robot police dogs patrolling neighborhoods, hackers build stealthy digital treat dispensers to distract or bribe them. <img width="2000" height="1500" width_o="2000" height_o="1500" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/ca59a776ab32af6bfea702dec5d9a15ee37f7f64bd1abb7babc0992d7134e6c9/amm-sean-barrett-1.jpg" data-mid="253573576" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/ca59a776ab32af6bfea702dec5d9a15ee37f7f64bd1abb7babc0992d7134e6c9/amm-sean-barrett-1.jpg" /> https://extrapolationfactory.com/What-if-Columbus Tue, 03 Sep 2019 18:28:05 +0000 Extrapolation Factory https://extrapolationfactory.com/What-if-Columbus What if Columbus, 2019 What if Columbus brought an invitation to imagine the city’s future onto a downtown sidewalk. Commissioned for Exhibit Columbus in 2019, the installation stood at the corner of Washington and Second Streets, across from City Hall. Its position placed a public exercise in speculation beside the institutions involved in shaping the city.Using a digital interface housed in a concrete kiosk, residents and visitors could combine prompts and images to propose future infrastructure for Columbus. Each vision took the form of a short sentence and image. This compact format gave an imagined possibility a form that could be recorded and shared, with members of the public credited as the authors of the future visions.The project was designed to collect these submissions and share them digitally with the mayor’s office, offering decision-makers insight into the futures people wanted to see. That intended connection between public imagination and civic institutions was central to the work.What if Columbus approached infrastructure as a subject for collective imagination. Encountered in the course of everyday movement through the city, the kiosk invited people to consider what they might change, what they valued and how those expectations could enter a wider conversation about the city’s future.See more documentation on Flickr. Research interestsInfrastructure imagination · Participatory futures · Tactical mediaProject creditsA project by: Chris Woebken and Elliott P. MontgomeryDesign assistant: James Ryan WestphalDevelopment: Mike HeaversFabrication: Ignition ArtsCommissioned by: Exhibit Columbus (Washington Street Civic Projects)Curated by: Anne SurakFuture visions: Members of the publicPhotography: Hadley FruitsDrone footage: Brodie Kerst <img width="4000" height="3000" width_o="4000" height_o="3000" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/6abfb73529b0fe66485fd5958fdd0db7fb9a6315614670701188937cbcd302f4/What-If-Columbus_01.jpg" data-mid="49815347" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/6abfb73529b0fe66485fd5958fdd0db7fb9a6315614670701188937cbcd302f4/What-If-Columbus_01.jpg" /> <img width="4000" height="3000" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1600/q/75/i/44fbfa30745b534f215976cafa30f607fcb8faf577dc7a3116ff6909c785e3de/What-If-Columbus_16.jpg" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/44fbfa30745b534f215976cafa30f607fcb8faf577dc7a3116ff6909c785e3de/What-If-Columbus_16.jpg" alt="People entering a proposal at the What 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Across workshops, objects, performances and civic prototypes, shared questions become proposals that can be discussed, tested and experienced.","termCode":"participatory futures","identifier":"research:interest=participatory-futures"},{"@type":"DefinedTerm","@id":"https://chriswoebken.com/#term-tactical-media","name":"Tactical media","url":"https://chriswoebken.com/tactical-media","termCode":"tactical media","identifier":"research:interest=tactical-media"}]} Exhibitions &amp; related material Exhibitions &amp; public programs 2019 · ExhibitionExhibit Columbus — Washington Street Civic ProjectsWashington and Second Streets, Columbus, Indiana. Curated by Anne Surak. Articles, publications &amp; talks2019 · Academic article · UrbanitiesHow to Edit a Building: Fieldnotes from the North American BrasiliaTravis Warren Cooper, vol. 9, no. 2, November 2019, pp. 52–65. Discusses What If Columbus on p. 60.2019 · Newspaper coverage · The RepublicWhat If Columbus kiosk9 August 2019. Original report referenced by Kiosk Marketplace.2019 · Project gallery listing2019 Exhibition: Good Design and the Community — ARCHITECTARCHITECT, 2019. Exhibit Columbus gallery listing naming Extrapolation Factory among the Washington Street Civic Project Leaders. .project-context{clear:both;line-height:1.5;margin:3rem 0 2rem;padding-top:1.25rem;border-top:1px solid #ccc;scroll-margin-top:6rem}.project-context h2{font:inherit;font-weight:600;margin:0 0 1.25rem}.project-context-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));gap:2rem}.project-context h3{font:inherit;font-size:.85em;font-weight:600;margin:0 0 1rem}.project-context ul{list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.project-context li{line-height:1.5;margin:0 0 1.2rem;max-width:65ch;break-inside:avoid;text-wrap:pretty;overflow-wrap:break-word}.project-context .context-meta{display:block;font-size:.78em;line-height:1.5;color:#555;margin-bottom:.25rem}.project-context .context-title{display:block;font-size:.9em;line-height:1.5}.project-context .context-note{display:block;font-size:.82em;line-height:1.5;margin-top:.25rem}.project-context a{text-underline-offset:.16em}.project-context time{white-space:nowrap}@media(max-width:700px){.project-context-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:1.25rem}.project-context{scroll-margin-top:8rem}} https://extrapolationfactory.com/Special-Programs-Think-Tank-Tallinn Tue, 20 Oct 2026 19:42:00 +0000 Extrapolation Factory https://extrapolationfactory.com/Special-Programs-Think-Tank-Tallinn Special Programs Think Tank Tallinn, 2019 The Extrapolation Factory ran this five-day workshop at the Estonian Academy of Arts in Tallinn from July 29 to August 2, 2019, as part of the EKA Summer Academy. Participants formed small experimental think tanks to test what a think tank run by the public, rather than by experts alone, might produce. Members of the Estonian Foresight Centre joined us for the launch and introduced their methods. Starting from the centre’s research on the future of work, each think tank developed four alternate scenarios for 2035, set in a specific place, and made them tangible as images, objects and printed matter for a final presentation.See more documentation of the workshop on Flickr. Research interestsParticipatory futures · PrototypingProject creditsA project by: Chris Woebken and Elliott P. MontgomeryEssay: Elliott P. Montgomery and Chris WoebkenHost: Estonian Academy of Arts, EKA Summer Academy 2019 “Possible Futures!”Partner: Estonian Foresight CentreResearch, scenarios and artifacts: Workshop participantsPhotography: Diana OlesjukSupport: European Regional Development Fund, through the EKA Summer Academy <img width="2047" height="1366" width_o="2047" height_o="1366" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/44bf044599ca6469e51f6798e02253d7d99f1607347af436674ec4e793551e2d/special-programs-think-tank-01.jpg" data-mid="253537795" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/44bf044599ca6469e51f6798e02253d7d99f1607347af436674ec4e793551e2d/special-programs-think-tank-01.jpg" /> <img width="2047" height="1366" width_o="2047" height_o="1366" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/490dbb9ae6fed6dd122864b095bb626029307c5d508ff8cff729d7548822d0b6/special-programs-think-tank-02.jpg" data-mid="253537805" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/490dbb9ae6fed6dd122864b095bb626029307c5d508ff8cff729d7548822d0b6/special-programs-think-tank-02.jpg" /> <img width="2047" height="1366" width_o="2047" height_o="1366" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/fe2f64617b20451754f0a1ff53034e267d301151056300a6f5e7e2de65906260/special-programs-think-tank-03.jpg" data-mid="253537806" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/fe2f64617b20451754f0a1ff53034e267d301151056300a6f5e7e2de65906260/special-programs-think-tank-03.jpg" /> <img width="2047" height="1366" width_o="2047" height_o="1366" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/52d2e14b1901a1511339e9b27848fe09fd98e506788fcf72bc0f10c6fdc58232/special-programs-think-tank-04.jpg" data-mid="253537807" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/52d2e14b1901a1511339e9b27848fe09fd98e506788fcf72bc0f10c6fdc58232/special-programs-think-tank-04.jpg" /> <img width="2047" height="1366" width_o="2047" height_o="1366" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/27d852ab0971bbcea7e1ce2a1c1cbd561f66103f00dd0e629fc8e486d9038e8b/special-programs-think-tank-05.jpg" data-mid="253537809" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/27d852ab0971bbcea7e1ce2a1c1cbd561f66103f00dd0e629fc8e486d9038e8b/special-programs-think-tank-05.jpg" /> <img width="2047" height="1366" width_o="2047" height_o="1366" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/dd705bc282ca82c0361c454fc11d06c31333c7f3e248b2b919f8542fc62fdec0/special-programs-think-tank-06.jpg" data-mid="253537810" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/dd705bc282ca82c0361c454fc11d06c31333c7f3e248b2b919f8542fc62fdec0/special-programs-think-tank-06.jpg" /> <img width="2047" height="1366" width_o="2047" height_o="1366" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/0e7ed7deaa300e82cc18d8f36b5d8139b76fc1db9c532185bbd92ab69f7aaa78/special-programs-think-tank-07.jpg" data-mid="253537811" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/0e7ed7deaa300e82cc18d8f36b5d8139b76fc1db9c532185bbd92ab69f7aaa78/special-programs-think-tank-07.jpg" /> What if Think Tanks Were Operated by the Public?Essay by Elliott P. Montgomery &amp; Chris WoebkenThe Extrapolation Factory is the studio we formed in 2012, with an interest in developing a participatory practice that uses design to facilitate debate about current issues. We launched our first project in the format of a publicly organized workshop to envision future scenarios embodied as provocative objects for sale in a discount store in Brooklyn, New York.From there, we’ve evolved to tell stories of possible versions of futures in many ways, leveraging design as a visual language that people are accustomed to experiencing in their daily life. We’ve adapted future narratives as stores, signs, consumer products, advertisements, businesses, junk mail, flyers and more.This practice stems from a rich history in future studies. Some of the most inspiring and formative work emerged in the 1950s, led by the RAND Corporation and their explorations around game theory and systems theory, driven in part by Herman Kahn. The RAND Corporation was looking at ways to envision multiple scenarios and then make plans of action to be deployed if any of these possibilities became reality.There were several research groups that emerged over the following decades which evolved these ideas, translating system scenarios into experiential futures. The Manoa School of Futures Studies at the University of Hawaii is one of the programs that spearheaded this exploration, with heavy influence from the former program director, Jim Dator. Dator’s work and that at the University of Houston pioneered some of the early approaches to teaching futures.In the commercial and policy sectors, Royal Dutch Shell and numerous political think tanks began to explore potential impacts of futures studies, and to communicate scientific research from modeling to social impact and recommendations for policy making. These practices have become deeply ingrained in industry and common practice around the world.We're particularly interested in developing methods to create and express futures in participatory and accessible ways. This approach is preceded by numerous others such as Robert Jungk, who developed futures workshops as early as the 1970s.Fundamental to our view of future studies is the premise that we can not predict the future in social contexts. Any effort to predict social futures is probably somewhat misguided unless it’s centered in statistical terms. Most futures studies practitioners and researchers focus instead on envisioning hypotheticals. We also believe that without having specific visual narratives, it's nearly impossible to make plans to work toward those visions, to build consensus or to discuss or debate those visions. The work of futurists in the present really hinges on the scrutiny of events that are taking place in the recent past, offering a sense of what might be possible. Futurists assemble those events, also called signals, into visions that help us see possible versions of futures that we have not seen. Additionally, we operate under the principle that there is no singular future - that futures always come in multiples. Following, we use the plural version of the word ‘future’. Every individual sees futures differently based on their own perspectives and biases. Each person has numerous versions of futures that they can envision. We believe this multiplicity of future narratives should be introduced to conversations on planning as a constructive and necessary step, affording a representative look at societal desires. From here, we can compare, contrast and juxtapose the different ways our world could transform over time.The Extrapolation Factory has run hundreds of futures workshops at this point, and we’ve noticed that people find relief in thinking of numerous futures, though difficult at first. This approach allows for negotiation between many voices, inspiring conversation and expression. Workshop participants often have empowering realizations as they go through these experiences. Many participants leave feeling an increased sense of agency over their relationship to possible futures, and that the methods and principles that we experiment with in the workshops are potentially useful in their home and work contexts.Our practice comes from an overlapping between this field of future studies and the work that's often done in think tanks focusing on foresight and the connection to design. In 2006, Tony Dunne and Fiona Raby launched a program at the Royal College of Art, which proposed that design might serve purposes beyond problem solving and consumer good creation. They proposed that design be used to ask critical questions of the systems around us. They initially called this approach critical design. Subsequently, they explored framings such as speculative design and discursive design. Each of these orientations of design moved away from creating solutions, and opened up the realm of possibility for what design might be capable of.As the speculative design community starts to find linkages between their own work and the work of foresight strategists and futures researchers, a new field seems to be emerging, which we call ‘design futures’. Design futures is essentially the integration of this visual approach to envisioning alternate possibilities through the creation of immersive visual media, objects, artifacts, images, film and video.Through The Extrapolation Factory, we see the opportunity to broaden the spectrum of people who do design futures and to make these approaches accessible to diverse communities. Through workshops that break down futures approaches into clear steps we experiment with ways to make these ideas more accessible.For our latest workshop at the Estonian Academy of Arts, we introduced a challenge to question the operation and procedures being used by present-day think tanks. Many think tanks in the modern era have shifted away from their initial premise, which was to serve as non-partisan, expert groups who research and then propose strategic pathways that could lead to policy advancement with the objective of bettering society. In recent decades though, many think tanks have shifted to serving specific interests put forth by influential individuals and special interest groups with very large amounts of money. The result is an ecosystem of think tanks that are much more partisan, and therefore, don’t serve the role of helping diverse groups come to agreements.In this project, we set up an experiment in which we questioned the exclusive expert staffing of think tanks. Although experts have deep knowledge, they don't necessarily represent the perspectives of the broader public. We were interested to see if a publicly operated think tank might democratize the narrative outcomes that influence policy. We asked the participants to form small experimental think tanks and to run a project based on some prior work by the Estonian Foresight Centre. We were privileged to have members of the centre join us for the launch of the project and introduce us to their processes and methods.We set the participants off with a portfolio of methods, tools and approaches to investigate a topic originally researched by the Estonian Foresight Centre. The goal was to imagine scenarios for futures of work in 2035. The projects that you see in this publication are the outcomes of this experimental effort. Each one is comprised of four alternate scenarios, developed through research around the issues that may transform work in specific geographic locations. The students adapted the information they found through their research to help them visualize ways that people may support themselves in some version of 2035.Workshop scenariosThe following fictional scenarios for work in 2035 were created by the participating think tanks. <img width="2048" height="1448" width_o="2048" height_o="1448" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/68a83adeca7355e256934cf7cf888e2c874ed6a2dd8e76a3fd7432ebd74aa411/special-programs-think-tank-12.jpg" data-mid="253537817" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/68a83adeca7355e256934cf7cf888e2c874ed6a2dd8e76a3fd7432ebd74aa411/special-programs-think-tank-12.jpg" /> <img width="2048" height="1448" width_o="2048" height_o="1448" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/273ab995b6a7a835b07189a901e36decd0486e07537050f85294bb9236564492/special-programs-think-tank-13.jpg" data-mid="253537818" border="0" 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Across workshops, objects, performances and civic prototypes, shared questions become proposals that can be discussed, tested and experienced.","termCode":"participatory futures","identifier":"research:interest=participatory-futures"},{"@type":"DefinedTerm","@id":"https://chriswoebken.com/#term-prototyping","name":"Prototyping","url":"https://chriswoebken.com/prototyping","termCode":"prototyping","identifier":"research:interest=prototyping"}]} Exhibitions &amp; related materialArticles, publications &amp; talks2019 · InterviewWhat if Think Tanks Were Operated by the Public? — Estonian Academy of ArtsAnna-Liisa Laarits, Estonian Academy of Arts, 2019. Interview about the Tallinn workshop and public think tanks. .project-context{clear:both;line-height:1.5;margin:3rem 0 2rem;padding-top:1.25rem;border-top:1px solid #ccc;scroll-margin-top:6rem}.project-context h2{font:inherit;font-weight:600;margin:0 0 1.25rem}.project-context-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));gap:2rem}.project-context h3{font:inherit;font-size:.85em;font-weight:600;margin:0 0 1rem}.project-context ul{list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.project-context li{line-height:1.5;margin:0 0 1.2rem;max-width:65ch;break-inside:avoid;text-wrap:pretty;overflow-wrap:break-word}.project-context .context-meta{display:block;font-size:.78em;line-height:1.5;color:#555;margin-bottom:.25rem}.project-context .context-title{display:block;font-size:.9em;line-height:1.5}.project-context .context-note{display:block;font-size:.82em;line-height:1.5;margin-top:.25rem}.project-context a{text-underline-offset:.16em}.project-context time{white-space:nowrap}@media(max-width:700px){.project-context-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:1.25rem}.project-context{scroll-margin-top:8rem}} https://extrapolationfactory.com/Metro-Test-Zones Tue, 03 Sep 2019 18:28:34 +0000 Extrapolation Factory https://extrapolationfactory.com/Metro-Test-Zones Metro Test Zones, 2019 Metro Test Zones turned competing visions of a greener New York into situations people could enter and act within. Scientists, public servants and designers developed scenarios that Extrapolation Factory translated into a custom-built simulator at The Shed. Actors guided participants through imagined urban conditions, with roles ranging from property owners and park visitors to trees and other animals.The scenarios placed different demands on the people sharing these spaces. In Green Pirate Embassy, underused luxury apartments became public parks, with wealthier visitors contributing work in exchange for access. Plants refused money and grew through the interiors. Prime Green imagined an Amazon subscription offering exclusive access to green spaces and butterfly habitats. In Steward Crews, a community of gardeners and skill sharers confronted the possibility that its activities were excluding other park users. Each proposal introduced its own terms of belonging.Humor made some of these arrangements deliberately uncomfortable. Disaster Vacations imagined entrepreneurs selling heat-wave sweat lodges and drought facials, turning ecological disruption into a leisure economy. Elsewhere, the city’s human residents began to lose their authority. In Critter Creativity Forum, flamingos fed on street waste and humans developed languages that could acknowledge the creativity of other animals. Urban adaptation involved changes in who could make demands on the city.The performance score organised nine seven-minute simulations, beginning with a collective warm-up and concluding with a roundtable for audience feedback. Augusto Boal’s Theatre of the Oppressed served as a methodological reference. Within the simulator, proposed rules became situations for participants to inhabit and respond to. The project asked how the promise of a greener city might change when its inhabitants encountered one another’s needs.See more documentation on Flickr. Research interestsClimate research · Infrastructure imagination · Participatory futures · Prototyping · SimulationProject creditsA project by: Chris Woebken and Elliott P. MontgomeryDesign assistants: Heer Mehta, Natalie Tillen and James Ryan WestphalActors: Zenzele Cooper, Benjamin Holbrook, John Peery, Jasmine Schutt-VanMeveren and Candace ThompsonCommissioned by: The Shed, through its Open CallHost: The Shed, New YorkParticipants: Sam Adelberg, Eduarda Aun, Alisha Bhagat, Wendy Brawer, Clarisa Diaz, Jeffrey Geiringer, Alice Gong, Elizabeth Henaff, Christine Kim, Neba Noyan, Ayodamola Okunseinde, Leticia Oxley, Oscar Salguero, Alice Shay, Philip Silva, Tara Smith, Jonas Voigt, Hanna De Vries and Marina ZurkowPhotography: Andy Jackson for The ShedSupport: Graham Foundation (public programs grant)Special thanks: Jesse Firestone and Claudia Norman <img width="4000" height="2670" width_o="4000" height_o="2670" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/d7e6b65c9edb7ba27134843eec2fcafe82a32210ece996032d93a13d57b59cf4/MetroTestZones_4.jpg" data-mid="49815089" border="0" 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Participatory performance and scenario installation. Articles, publications &amp; talks2019 · Podcast interview · Possibility HoursMetro Test ZonesScott Paterson in conversation with Chris Woebken and Elliott P. Montgomery, 30 December 2019.2019 · Article · The Architect’s NewspaperGraham Foundation announces 2019 architectural research grants winnersFeatures Metro Test Zones and its approach to participatory futures, with project text supplied by the Graham Foundation. .project-context{clear:both;line-height:1.5;margin:3rem 0 2rem;padding-top:1.25rem;border-top:1px solid #ccc;scroll-margin-top:6rem}.project-context h2{font:inherit;font-weight:600;margin:0 0 1.25rem}.project-context-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));gap:2rem}.project-context h3{font:inherit;font-size:.85em;font-weight:600;margin:0 0 1rem}.project-context ul{list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.project-context li{line-height:1.5;margin:0 0 1.2rem;max-width:65ch;break-inside:avoid;text-wrap:pretty;overflow-wrap:break-word}.project-context .context-meta{display:block;font-size:.78em;line-height:1.5;color:#555;margin-bottom:.25rem}.project-context .context-title{display:block;font-size:.9em;line-height:1.5}.project-context .context-note{display:block;font-size:.82em;line-height:1.5;margin-top:.25rem}.project-context a{text-underline-offset:.16em}.project-context time{white-space:nowrap}@media(max-width:700px){.project-context-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:1.25rem}.project-context{scroll-margin-top:8rem}} https://extrapolationfactory.com/Sense-Objects Fri, 02 Nov 2018 05:02:50 +0000 Extrapolation Factory https://extrapolationfactory.com/Sense-Objects Sense Objects, 2018 Sense Objects was the 2018 workshop in the Extrapolation Foundry series at Ginkgo Bioworks. Co-created by Chris Woebken and Yasaman Sheri, then Creative Resident at Ginkgo Bioworks, it was commissioned for Ginkgo Ferment.See more documentation on Flickr. <img width="3024" height="3024" width_o="3024" height_o="3024" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/89ba63e22f02561a3f0346aadcc83379ee7a7a5e8b90f75c6e7e89df729fb5a9/IMG_3860.jpg" data-mid="27586543" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/89ba63e22f02561a3f0346aadcc83379ee7a7a5e8b90f75c6e7e89df729fb5a9/IMG_3860.jpg" /> <img width="3024" height="3024" width_o="3024" height_o="3024" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/2563ed47ac202b1f74466a590e50249ffd0c9abcb7f4e848d5c191ad5321652f/IMG_3862.jpg" data-mid="27586544" border="0" src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1000/i/2563ed47ac202b1f74466a590e50249ffd0c9abcb7f4e848d5c191ad5321652f/IMG_3862.jpg" /> <img width="3024" height="3024" width_o="3024" height_o="3024" 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On the evening of July 29th, 2018 we transformed Cortlandt Alley into an analog messaging board from the future, covered in pull-tab postings that depict artifacts from hypothetical futures. The public was invited to create fictional pull-tab advertisements using a custom futuring process, and then leave their vision on the walls of Cortlandt Alley. Mmuseumm’s exhibitions of sociological objects, offered inspiration for stories behind the objects envisioned. The original plan was for Extrapolation Factory staff to select several pull-tab depictions for 3-D printing and donation to the Mmuseumm collection. Research interestsParticipatory futures · Prototyping · Tactical mediaProject creditsA project by: Chris Woebken and Elliott P. MontgomeryDesign assistants: Radhika Agarwal and Dierdre SheaCurated by: Alex KalmanHost: Jacob Ford, MmuseummPull-tab postings: Members of the publicPhotography: Julian Goldman <img width="3964" height="1881" width_o="3964" height_o="1881" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/e73ed1183bb52ceda7904c3d14bbf423610009badcf0aaf7fd5c7186a9d84173/image1-1.jpeg" border="0" alt="Visitors browsing fictional pull‑tab advertisements made by members of the public to imagine future informal economies in Cortlandt Alley." src="https://freight.cargo.site/w/1600/q/75/i/e73ed1183bb52ceda7904c3d14bbf423610009badcf0aaf7fd5c7186a9d84173/image1-1.jpeg" srcset="https://freight.cargo.site/w/400/q/75/i/e73ed1183bb52ceda7904c3d14bbf423610009badcf0aaf7fd5c7186a9d84173/image1-1.jpeg 400w, https://freight.cargo.site/w/800/q/75/i/e73ed1183bb52ceda7904c3d14bbf423610009badcf0aaf7fd5c7186a9d84173/image1-1.jpeg 800w, 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Account of an activity inspired by Pull-tab Alley. .project-context{clear:both;line-height:1.5;margin:3rem 0 2rem;padding-top:1.25rem;border-top:1px solid #ccc;scroll-margin-top:6rem}.project-context h2{font:inherit;font-weight:600;margin:0 0 1.25rem}.project-context-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));gap:2rem}.project-context h3{font:inherit;font-size:.85em;font-weight:600;margin:0 0 1rem}.project-context ul{list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.project-context li{line-height:1.5;margin:0 0 1.2rem;max-width:65ch;break-inside:avoid;text-wrap:pretty;overflow-wrap:break-word}.project-context .context-meta{display:block;font-size:.78em;line-height:1.5;color:#555;margin-bottom:.25rem}.project-context .context-title{display:block;font-size:.9em;line-height:1.5}.project-context .context-note{display:block;font-size:.82em;line-height:1.5;margin-top:.25rem}.project-context a{text-underline-offset:.16em}.project-context time{white-space:nowrap}@media(max-width:700px){.project-context-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:1.25rem}.project-context{scroll-margin-top:8rem}} https://extrapolationfactory.com/Testing-Hypotheticals Thu, 19 Apr 2018 14:06:59 +0000 Extrapolation Factory https://extrapolationfactory.com/Testing-Hypotheticals Testing Hypotheticals, 2018 The prototype for Testing Hypotheticals presents the results of a two-day workshop that brought together a diverse group of residents from Queens, New York to imagine and explore alternate futures for their community.&nbsp; Based on a belief in democratizing stories about futures, the goal of the project is to empower individuals—regardless of their training, position, or knowledge —to think critically about the futures we’re presented with and then to design our own preferable futures.The Extrapolation Factory organized a new workshop at the Queens Museum, the site of the 1964 World’s Fair. Building off the history of the site as a forum for top-down visions of the future, The Extrapolation Factory worked with community members to explore ways to enhance their own neighborhoods, unconstrained by tradition, budget, or existing technology. Ideas emerging from the group included a reimagined subway system with an onboard community garden, a recycling system that rewards good participants by reallocating recycled raw material back to them based on need, and a community system of outdoor meditation spaces connected to the underground matrix of plant roots. The project was piloted at the Queens Museum with participants from the New New Yorkers program. The workshop was documented by BRIC TV. The designed outcomes were exhibited at the 2018 Milan Design Week and the project was awarded the grand prize at the Lexus Awards ceremony.See more documentation on Flickr. Research interestsInfrastructure imagination · Participatory futures · Prototyping · SimulationProject creditsA project by: Chris Woebken and Elliott P. MontgomeryDesign facilitators: Ignacio Garnham Brandes, Kevin Caldwell, Yuxin Cheng, Jenny Liu, Anh-ton Tran and Jonas VoigtActors: John Peery, Alexis Powell and Candace ThompsonCurated and mentored by: FormafantasmaHost: Queens Museum, New New Yorkers program (Judy Yenti Chu, Guido Garaycochea and Nung-Hsin Hu)Participants: Jaime Cho, Sharlene Chou, Chuankui Jiang, Lucas Contino, Chuck Kuan, Susan Lau, Nancy Man, Estella Natal, Linda Rose, Mauricio Ruiz, Francie Scanlon, Dominic Wong, Emily Wu, Jordan Wu and Way ZenDocumentation: Emmanuel Alexandre, Mauro Basa, Dan Cangelosi, David Francois, Charlie Hoxie, James Levine and Ilya Shnitser <img width="3808" height="2856" width_o="3808" height_o="2856" data-src="https://freight.cargo.site/t/original/i/76b50c44df7e6bb859d74778fab0eedf6a9649efe52a4c0535bd9338de8a3190/01---Photo-by-Extrapolation-Factory.jpg" data-mid="27576822" border="0" 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